Getting rid of diatoms in a saltwater tank involves both physical removal and addressing the underlying cause, which is the presence of silicates.
Diatoms, often appearing as a brown dusty film, are a common issue in new saltwater tanks or after adding new elements. As the reference notes, diatoms feed off of silicates and will appear when new rock, sand, and even plastic is introduced into your tank.
Here are the primary ways to combat diatoms:
1. Physical Removal
While temporary, physical removal is the quickest way to clean up the brown film. The reference states that diatoms are easy to remove with a turkey baster or algae magnet.
- Turkey Baster: Use a turkey baster to blow diatoms off rocks, substrate, and equipment. The stirred-up diatoms can then be removed by your filtration system or during a water change.
- Algae Magnet/Scraper: For glass or acrylic surfaces, an algae magnet or scraper works well to wipe the diatoms away.
- Siphoning: You can siphon diatoms directly off the substrate during a water change.
Keep in mind, as the reference highlights, they will grow back impressively quick if the source of silicates isn't addressed.
2. Removing Silicates
Since diatoms feed on silicates, controlling the silicate levels in your tank is crucial for long-term diatom prevention. The reference specifically mentions methods for silicate removal:
- GFO (Granular Ferric Oxide): This is a popular media used in reactors or filter bags to adsorb phosphates and silicates from the water.
- Aluminum Based Phosphate Removal Media: Some media designed for phosphate removal also effectively remove silicates.
Using these media in your filtration system (e.g., a media reactor or canister filter) can significantly reduce the silicates available for diatoms to feed on, helping to starve them out over time.
3. Other Contributing Factors
While silicates are the primary food source, other factors can exacerbate diatom blooms:
- High Nitrates and Phosphates: Although silicates are key, elevated nutrients can contribute to overall algae issues, including diatoms. Ensure proper filtration and nutrient export.
- Using Tap Water: Tap water often contains silicates and other undesirable contaminants. Always use filtered Rodi (Reverse Osmosis Deionized) water for tank fills and top-offs.
- Excessive Light: While not their primary driver (like silicates), too much light can encourage various algae growth. Ensure appropriate light cycles.
By combining physical removal with methods to reduce silicates, you can effectively manage and eventually eliminate diatom blooms in your saltwater tank.
Summary Table of Diatom Management
| Method | Description | Effectiveness | Notes | Reference Mention? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Removal | Using tools to wipe or siphon diatoms off surfaces. | Temporary relief | Diatoms grow back quickly. | Yes (Turkey Baster, Algae Magnet) |
| Silicate Removal | Using specialized media to adsorb silicates. | Long-term solution | Starves diatoms by removing their primary food source. | Yes (GFO, Aluminum media) |
| RODI Water | Using pure water for all tank additions. | Prevents silicate introduction | Crucial preventative measure. | No (General best practice) |
| Nutrient Control | Managing nitrates and phosphates. | Supports overall health | Addresses general algae causes, though silicates are key for diatoms. | No (General best practice) |
Implementing these steps will help you gain control over diatom outbreaks and maintain a cleaner saltwater aquarium.
