The neck of the scapula is an anatomical feature of the shoulder blade, specifically a constricted region that surrounds the head.
Based on anatomical definitions, the neck of the scapula is described as:
- The slightly constricted portion: This refers to the area where the scapula narrows down.
- Which surrounds the head: This constricted part encircles the region of the scapula known as the head, which articulates with the humerus (upper arm bone).
- It is more distinct below and behind than above and in front: This indicates that the narrowing is more noticeable on the posterior and inferior aspects of the neck compared to the anterior and superior aspects.
Understanding the Scapula and its Neck
The scapula, or shoulder blade, is a large triangular bone located on the posterior aspect of the thorax, covering ribs 2 to 7. It serves as a point of attachment for several muscles and is crucial for shoulder joint movement. The structure includes several key parts:
- Body: The main, flattened part of the bone.
- Angles: Superior, inferior, and lateral.
- Borders: Superior, medial (vertebral), and lateral (axillary).
- Processes: The coracoid process and the acromion.
- Glenoid cavity: A shallow socket that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint.
- Head: The part of the scapula immediately surrounding the glenoid cavity.
The neck is located just medial to the head and glenoid cavity, acting as a transitional zone connecting the head/glenoid region to the wider body of the scapula.
Location and Significance
The neck of the scapula is important anatomically as it defines the base of the head and glenoid cavity. Fractures can occur in this region, often referred to as neck fractures, which can impact the stability and function of the shoulder joint.
Think of the scapula like a kite. The main flat part is the body. One of the corners, where the string attaches (if it were a complex 3D kite!), is where the head is. The neck is the slightly narrowed area just before that corner.
Key Anatomical Features:
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Neck of Scapula | Slightly constricted region surrounding the head. |
| Head of Scapula | Region bearing the glenoid cavity for articulation. |
| Glenoid Cavity | The socket that receives the humerus head. |
| Body of Scapula | The main, flat triangular portion. |
Summary Points
- The neck is a narrowed section of the scapula.
- It is located immediately medial to the head and glenoid cavity.
- It is more clearly defined on the posterior and inferior sides.
- It connects the articular part (head/glenoid) to the main body of the bone.
Understanding the specific location and characteristics of the scapular neck is essential in anatomy, radiology (for interpreting X-rays and scans), and orthopedic medicine (for diagnosing and treating injuries like fractures).
