The real King Duncan of Scotland was Donnchad mac Crinain, also known as Duncan I, who reigned as King of Alba (Scotland) from 1034 to 1040. He serves as the historical figure upon whom William Shakespeare's character "King Duncan" in the famous play Macbeth is based.
Historical Identity of King Duncan I
Donnchad mac Crinain was a significant monarch in early Scottish history. His full name in Scottish Gaelic was Donnchadh mac Crìonain, and he is most commonly anglicised as Duncan I. He was also known by the nickname An t-Ilgarach, which translates to "the Diseased" or "the Sick."
Born around 1001, Duncan I ascended to the throne of Alba in 1034. His reign lasted for six years until his death on 14 August 1040. While Shakespeare's play often depicts a venerable and wise king, the historical Duncan I's rule was part of a turbulent period in Scottish history. His death was notably at the hands of his cousin, Macbeth, which differs from Shakespeare's dramatic rendition.
Key Historical Facts
To provide a clear overview, here are the essential details about the historical King Duncan I:
| Attribute | Detail |
|---|---|
| Full Name | Donnchad mac Crinain |
| Gaelic Name | Donnchadh mac Crìonain |
| Anglicised Name | Duncan I |
| Nickname | An t-Ilgarach ("the Diseased" or "the Sick") |
| Born | c. 1001 |
| Died | 14 August 1040 |
| Reign | King of Alba (Scotland) from 1034 to 1040 |
| Notable For | Historical basis for King Duncan in Shakespeare's Macbeth |
Understanding the historical Duncan I provides valuable context to the dramatic portrayal, highlighting the fascinating interplay between history and literature. For more in-depth information, you can refer to historical sources on Duncan I of Scotland.
