Malcolm does not immediately become king after his father, King Duncan's, death because he and his brother, Donalbain, become prime suspects in the regicide. This grave accusation and the implicit threat to their lives compel them to flee Scotland for their safety.
The Immediate Aftermath of King Duncan's Assassination
Following the shocking murder of King Duncan, a shadow of doubt and accusation falls upon his two sons. While their grief is genuine, their immediate departure from the scene tragically fuels the narrative that they were somehow involved in their father's demise.
- Sudden Suspicion: The swiftness with which the murder occurs and the subsequent flight of the princes lead many to believe they might be implicated. This perception, whether manipulated or genuinely held, prevents any immediate succession for Malcolm.
- Fear for Their Lives: Understanding the perilous situation, and perhaps fearing that the same fate might befall them, Malcolm and Donalbain make a pragmatic decision to escape Scotland.
- Malcolm seeks refuge in England, a move that places him beyond immediate reach but also away from his rightful claim.
- Donalbain flees to Ireland, further scattering the royal heirs.
The Usurpation of the Throne
The absence of King Duncan's legitimate heirs creates a power vacuum, which is swiftly exploited by Macbeth. As a kinsman and a powerful military figure, Macbeth is able to step forward and consolidate power, ultimately being proclaimed King of Scotland. The very act of Malcolm and Donalbain's flight, intended for self-preservation, inadvertently clears the path for Macbeth's tyrannical reign, painting them as guilty in the eyes of many.
| Character | Destination After Duncan's Death | Implication of Flight |
|---|---|---|
| Malcolm | England | Suspected of guilt, allows Macbeth to rise |
| Donalbain | Ireland | Suspected of guilt, allows Macbeth to rise |
Malcolm's Eventual Return and Claim
Despite the initial setback, Malcolm eventually gathers support in England and returns to Scotland with an army, bravely challenging Macbeth's oppressive rule. His eventual triumph and reclamation of the throne signify the restoration of rightful lineage and order to Scotland. For further reading on the historical and literary context of these events, consider exploring resources on Shakespeare's Macbeth.
