UV radiation, primarily from the sun and tanning beds, can damage the skin by harming the DNA within our skin cells. DNA provides instructions for how our cells function, and UV damage can disrupt this process. When enough DNA damage accumulates over time, it can cause cells to grow uncontrollably, leading to skin cancer.
Here's how UV radiation affects skin:
- Direct DNA damage: UV radiation, particularly UVB rays, can directly damage the DNA within skin cells. This damage can lead to mutations and errors in cell replication, increasing the risk of skin cancer.
- Inflammation and oxidative stress: UV radiation also triggers inflammation and oxidative stress in the skin. These processes can damage skin cells and accelerate aging.
- Weakened cell bonds: UV radiation can weaken the bonds between cells in the outer layer of skin, making the skin more susceptible to damage and irritation.
- Suppression of the immune system: UV radiation can suppress the immune system, making the skin more vulnerable to infections and potentially hindering its ability to repair DNA damage.
It's crucial to protect your skin from excessive UV radiation. Using sunscreen, wearing protective clothing, and avoiding prolonged sun exposure can significantly reduce the risk of UV damage.
