The first-line treatment for skin infections depends on the severity and type of infection. For uncomplicated skin infections, topical treatments are often sufficient. However, for more severe infections, systemic antibiotics are necessary.
Topical Treatments for Uncomplicated Infections
For minor skin infections like impetigo or uncomplicated cellulitis, topical antibiotics are often the first line of defense. Examples include:
- Mupirocin: This is frequently recommended as a highly effective topical agent, although resistance has been reported.
- Bacitracin and Neomycin: While less effective than mupirocin, these are alternative topical options.
Systemic Treatments for Severe Infections
For severe or extensive infections, such as abscesses, necrotizing fasciitis, or cellulitis that doesn't respond to topical treatment, systemic antibiotics are necessary. The choice of antibiotic depends on factors like the suspected organism and severity. Examples include:
- First-generation cephalosporins: These are often the most effective first-line empirical regimen for outpatient bacterial skin infections. Examples include cefadroxil and cefalexin. Other first-line options include amoxicillin-clavulanate, clindamycin, and lincomycin. Cefpodoxime and cefovecin may also be considered first-line.
- Vancomycin plus piperacillin/tazobactam: This combination is recommended as a first-line treatment for severe nonpurulent infections, particularly those suspected to be necrotizing or polymicrobial.
- Intravenous flucloxacillin (with or without gentamicin and/or metronidazole) or intravenous co-amoxiclav (with or without gentamicin): These are options for more serious cases.
Important Note: Surgical intervention (incision and drainage) is often the first-line treatment for cutaneous abscesses. The choice of antibiotic therapy will depend on the specifics of the infection and should be determined by a healthcare professional.
Always consult a doctor for diagnosis and treatment of any skin infection. Self-treating can be risky and delay appropriate care.
