Pitted keratolysis is caused by bacteria.
These bacteria, primarily Corynebacterium, Kytococcus sedentarius, Dermatophilus congolensis, and Actinomyces, thrive in moist environments and produce enzymes that break down the keratin in the skin's stratum corneum (outermost layer). This enzymatic activity creates the characteristic small, crater-like pits on the soles of the feet and, less commonly, the palms of the hands.
Here's a breakdown of the factors:
- Bacterial Infection: Specific types of bacteria are the direct cause.
- Moist Environment: Conditions like excessive sweating (hyperhidrosis), wearing occlusive footwear, and living in humid climates promote bacterial growth.
- Keratin Breakdown: Bacterial enzymes (keratinases) degrade keratin, leading to pit formation.
- Predisposing Factors: Individuals who often go barefoot, live in tropical areas, or have hyperhidrosis are more susceptible.
| Factor | Description |
|---|---|
| Bacteria Types | Corynebacterium, Kytococcus sedentarius, Dermatophilus congolensis, and Actinomyces are common culprits. |
| Environmental Factors | Warm, humid climates and occlusive footwear create favorable conditions for bacterial proliferation. |
| Host Factors | Hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating) and frequent barefoot walking increase the risk of infection. |
| Mechanism | Bacteria produce keratinase enzymes that digest keratin, resulting in the pitted appearance of the skin. |
In summary, pitted keratolysis arises from a bacterial infection facilitated by a moist environment, leading to the enzymatic breakdown of keratin in the skin.
