The social context of identity refers to how our sense of self is shaped by the groups we belong to and the social environment around us. It's not just about individual traits but how those traits are perceived and valued within a societal framework.
Understanding Social Identity Theory
Social identity theory explains how we form our identities based on group memberships. According to this theory, individuals categorize themselves into different social groups, and this process significantly influences their self-concept. The reference states: "we adopt different identities depending on the social group we perceive ourselves to be part of. And we do this because we are motivated towards a sense of self-worth and self-esteem (and being part of a social group can support this)."
Key aspects of the social context of identity:
- Group Membership: The groups we identify with (e.g., ethnic, religious, professional, hobby-based) influence our self-perception and behavior.
- Social Norms: Each group has its own norms and expectations, which shape how we act and how we expect others to act within those groups.
- Social Comparisons: We compare our group to other groups. This can lead to in-group favoritism and out-group biases, impacting our identity.
- Self-Esteem: As the reference points out, our social identities contribute to our self-esteem. We want to belong to groups that have a positive image.
- Cultural Values: Societal values, beliefs, and traditions influence how identities are formed and expressed.
Practical Insights and Examples
Let's consider some examples to illustrate how the social context shapes identity:
- Example 1: Professional Identity
- An individual who identifies as a "doctor" behaves differently in a medical setting compared to someone who identifies as a "parent" in a family setting. This shift in behavior is due to the differing social norms and roles within each group.
- Example 2: Ethnic Identity
- A person of a specific ethnicity may express different aspects of their identity depending on whether they are among their own community or in a more diverse environment. Cultural norms and expectations dictate how they present themselves.
- Example 3: Online Communities
- Online groups and communities create digital identities. Individuals might present a curated version of themselves based on the social norms of a particular online group.
Summary in Table Format
| Aspect | Description | Impact on Identity |
|---|---|---|
| Group Membership | Categories we identify with. | Forms our social identity. Determines roles and expectations. |
| Social Norms | Rules and expectations within each group. | Shapes behavior and how we expect others to act. |
| Social Comparisons | Comparing our group to others. | Leads to in-group favoritism, out-group bias, and influences our self-perception. |
| Self-Esteem | Sense of self-worth and value. | Belonging to positive social groups enhances self-esteem. |
| Cultural Values | Societal beliefs and traditions. | Dictates how identities are formed and expressed. |
Conclusion
The social context of identity is not a static concept. It's fluid, changing, and dynamic, as our group memberships and societal structures evolve. Understanding the social context of identity helps us appreciate the complex interplay between individual and collective aspects of self. The reference indicates how a key driver is our need to increase self esteem through group membership.
