NASA buys helium primarily because it's crucial for several critical functions within its space operations and research.
Key Uses of Helium at NASA:
- Purging Agent for Hydrogen Systems: Helium acts as an inert purge gas to remove potentially explosive hydrogen from fuel systems. This is essential for safety during launch preparations and other operations involving liquid hydrogen rocket fuel.
- Pressurizing Agent for Fluid Systems: NASA uses helium to pressurize both ground and flight fluid systems. This ensures the proper flow of liquids and gases, vital for propulsion and other onboard systems.
- Cryogenic Agent for Cooling: Helium's extremely low boiling point makes it an excellent cryogenic agent. NASA uses it to cool various materials and equipment to extremely low temperatures, crucial for testing sensors, superconducting magnets, and other sensitive components.
- Precision Welding Applications: Helium serves as a shielding gas in precision welding, preventing oxidation and contamination during the welding process. This ensures strong and reliable joints in spacecraft components.
In summary, helium's unique properties make it indispensable for safely and efficiently operating complex space systems and conducting cutting-edge research at NASA.
