Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious bacterial infection that can be treated, but not necessarily "removed" in the sense of completely eradicating the bacteria from the body. The goal of treatment is to eliminate active TB disease and prevent its recurrence. Latent TB infection, where the bacteria are present but not causing active disease, can also be treated to prevent progression to active TB.
Understanding TB Treatment
Treatment options depend on whether the individual has latent TB infection (LTBI) or active TB disease.
Latent TB Infection (LTBI) Treatment:
- LTBI is treated with antibiotics to prevent it from developing into active TB disease.
- Commonly used medications include isoniazid (INH) and Rifapentine (INH-RPT) taken in combination for a shorter course.
- Treatment duration varies, potentially lasting three, four, six, or nine months, depending on the chosen treatment plan. (Treating Inactive Tuberculosis | Tuberculosis (TB) | CDC)
Active TB Disease Treatment:
- Active TB requires a more intensive treatment regimen usually involving a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid (INH), rifampin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol. (Treating and Managing Tuberculosis | American Lung Association)
- Treatment typically lasts at least six months, and longer if the TB is resistant to certain antibiotics. Directly observed therapy (DOT) can ensure adherence to the treatment plan. (Treatment for Latent TB Infection and TB Disease | TB | CDC)
- The treatment aims to kill the active bacteria, preventing further spread and damage. However, some traces of the bacteria might remain in the body after treatment. (Treatment of tuberculosis patients - Implementing the WHO Stop TB ...)
Important Note: Both latent TB infection and TB disease are treatable. However, without proper treatment, active TB disease can be fatal. (Treatment for Latent TB Infection and TB Disease | TB | CDC)
