Stroma is the supporting framework of an organ or tissue. It's the background material that provides structure and support, allowing the functional cells of the organ to operate properly. Think of it as the scaffolding that holds everything together.
The stroma is primarily composed of connective tissue, which includes:
- Blood vessels: These supply the organ with nutrients and oxygen, and remove waste products.
- Lymphatic vessels: These transport fluids and immune cells throughout the body.
- Nerves: These provide sensory input and control the function of the organ.
- Extracellular matrix (ECM): This is a network of proteins and other molecules that provides structural support, helps with cell adhesion, and influences cell behavior.
Stroma plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of organs and tissues. It provides a platform for cells to grow and interact, regulates the flow of nutrients and waste, and contributes to the immune response.
Examples of stroma:
- The stroma of the cornea: This is the thickest layer of the cornea, providing structural support and transparency.
- The stroma of the mammary gland: This supports the development and function of the milk-producing cells.
- The stroma of the gastrointestinal tract: This provides support for the digestive organs and houses cells involved in immune defense.
Stroma in Cancer:
The stroma of a tumor plays a complex role in the growth and spread of cancer. While it can sometimes help fight cancer, the stroma can also promote tumor growth and spread by:
- Providing a supportive environment for tumor cells.
- Promoting angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels), which feeds the tumor.
- Suppressing the immune response.
Understanding the role of the stroma in cancer is essential for developing new cancer treatments. Targeting the stroma may be a promising approach to slow or even reverse cancer growth.
