The oldest travel guide widely recognized is Bernhard von Breydenbach's Peregrinatio in terram sanctam (Pilgrimage to the Holy Land), published in 1486.
The Dawn of Travel Literature: Bernhard von Breydenbach's Masterpiece
Considered a pioneering work in travel literature, Bernhard von Breydenbach's Peregrinatio in terram sanctam stands as the earliest printed travel guide. This remarkable publication documented a religious pilgrimage to the Holy Land that Breydenbach, a German politician, undertook in April 1483.
More than just a personal account, the book provided practical advice and detailed information for future pilgrims. It included:
- Itineraries: Detailed routes from Venice to the Holy Land.
- Languages: Alphabets of various languages encountered along the journey, such as Arabic, Greek, Hebrew, and Armenian.
- Local Customs: Descriptions of peoples, cultures, and religious practices.
- Illustrations: Groundbreaking woodcut illustrations by Erhard Reuwich, depicting cityscapes, local inhabitants, and exotic animals. These were among the first accurate topographic views in printed books.
- Survival Tips: Practical guidance on currency, health, and what to expect on the arduous journey.
This comprehensive approach elevated it beyond a mere travelogue, making it an invaluable resource for anyone contemplating such a significant and dangerous journey in the late 15th century. It significantly influenced subsequent travel literature and cartography, setting a precedent for the modern travel guide.
For more information, you can explore resources discussing this historic publication:
