Mycoplasma meleagridis infection primarily causes an egg-transmitted disease in turkeys, which subsequently leads to airsacculitis in their offspring.
Understanding Mycoplasma Meleagridis Infection
Mycoplasma meleagridis is a specific bacterial pathogen known to affect poultry. Its impact is largely confined to turkeys and manifests through a distinctive transmission route and subsequent health issues in young birds.
Primary Effects on Turkeys
The infection initiates as an egg-transmitted condition, meaning it passes directly from infected hen turkeys to their eggs. This vertical transmission is crucial to its spread within flocks. The most significant consequence for the turkey poults (offspring) is the development of airsacculitis.
Airsacculitis is an inflammation of the air sacs, which are vital components of the avian respiratory system. This condition can impair respiratory function and overall health, potentially leading to reduced growth rates and increased mortality in young turkeys.
Species Specificity
It is important to note the specific nature of Mycoplasma meleagridis. This bacterium does not affect chickens, making it a concern primarily for the turkey industry.
| Aspect | Detail |
|---|---|
| Affected Species | Turkeys (primarily offspring) |
| Unaffected Species | Chickens |
| Primary Transmission | Egg-transmitted (vertical) |
| Key Clinical Sign | Airsacculitis in offspring |
Control and Eradication Efforts
Historically, Mycoplasma meleagridis posed a significant challenge for commercial turkey producers. However, due to the implementation of robust control programs, it has been largely eliminated from commercial turkey flocks in many countries. These programs often involve strict biosecurity measures, rigorous testing of breeding stock, and culling of infected birds to prevent the vertical transmission of the disease through eggs.
Understanding the specific nature of Mycoplasma meleagridis infection—its egg-transmitted nature, impact on turkey offspring, and species specificity—is key for effective poultry health management and prevention.
