A myoma, also known as a uterine fibroid or leiomyoma, is a benign (noncancerous) tumor that grows in the wall of the uterus. These growths are made up of muscle and connective tissue. Myomas are very common, affecting many women. They are not linked to an increased risk of uterine cancer.
Types and Locations of Myomas
Myomas can vary in size and location within the uterus:
- Intramural: Located within the uterine wall.
- Submucosal: Located beneath the uterine lining.
- Subserosal: Located on the outer surface of the uterus.
- Pedunculated: Attached to the uterus by a stalk.
Symptoms of Myomas
Many women with myomas experience no symptoms. However, some common symptoms include:
- Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)
- Prolonged menstrual periods (menometrorrhagia)
- Pelvic pain or pressure
- Abdominal bloating or swelling
- Frequent urination
- Constipation
- Pain during sexual intercourse
Treatment Options for Myomas
Treatment for myomas depends on the severity of symptoms and the individual's preferences. Options include:
- Medication: To manage symptoms like heavy bleeding.
- Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE): Blocks blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink.
- Myomectomy: Surgical removal of the fibroids.
- Hysterectomy: Surgical removal of the uterus.
- MRI-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS): Uses focused ultrasound waves to destroy fibroids.
- Ablation: Destroying fibroids using heat or other energy sources.
It's crucial to consult a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment of uterine myomas. They can accurately assess your specific situation and recommend the best course of action.
