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What is a BCG jab?

Published in Vaccinations and Immunization 1 min read

A BCG jab is a vaccination primarily used to protect against tuberculosis (TB). It is the only currently available vaccine against TB.

Understanding the BCG Jab

The BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine, meaning it contains a weakened form of the bacteria that causes TB. This weakened form is Mycobacterium bovis.

Key Aspects of the BCG Vaccine:

  • Purpose: Primarily used to prevent tuberculosis, especially severe forms like TB meningitis in children.
  • Composition: It contains a live, weakened strain of Mycobacterium bovis.
  • Development: Developed by Calmette and Guérin and first used in humans in 1921.
  • Effectiveness: Most effective in preventing severe forms of TB in children.
  • Administration: Usually given as an intradermal injection (injection into the skin).

How the BCG Vaccine Works:

When administered, the BCG vaccine stimulates the immune system to produce a protective response against tuberculosis. It doesn't always prevent TB infection entirely, but it significantly reduces the risk of developing severe forms of the disease, especially in young children.

Additional Information:

Aspect Details
Vaccine Type Live attenuated
Target Disease Tuberculosis (TB)
Primary Use Prevention of severe TB forms, especially in children.
Origin Mycobacterium bovis
Developers Calmette and Guérin
First Use 1921