The individual widely considered to have developed the first vaccine, in a scientific manner, is Edward Jenner.
Edward Jenner and the Smallpox Vaccine
While methods to protect against smallpox existed before, Edward Jenner's work marked a turning point due to his scientific approach and demonstration of its effectiveness. Jenner conducted his study in 1796, solidifying his place as a pioneer in vaccination. Though he did not invent the method, he is often considered the father of vaccines because of his scientific approach that proved the method worked.