The Tanjore temple, formally known as the Brihadeeswarar Temple or Thanjavur Periya Kovil, is not recognized as one of the "Seven Wonders of the World" primarily because it did not meet the specific criteria set by the various panels and organizations that have compiled such lists throughout history.
Understanding "World Wonders" Lists
The concept of "World Wonders" is not a static or universally agreed-upon designation. Historically, there have been several prominent lists, each with different selection methodologies and cultural biases:
- Ancient Seven Wonders of the World: This list, compiled by ancient Greek historians, focused exclusively on architectural and sculptural achievements within the Hellenistic world. Structures like the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Lighthouse of Alexandria, and the Colossus of Rhodes were included. The Brihadeeswarar Temple, built much later (early 11th century CE) and in a different geographical and cultural context, naturally predates and falls outside the scope of this ancient classification.
- New7Wonders of the World: This modern initiative, launched in the early 2000s, aimed to create a new list through a global poll. While it included a wide range of structures from various continents, the selection was based on a combination of public voting and expert evaluation. Although many significant historical and architectural marvels were nominated, only seven could ultimately be chosen. The Brihadeeswarar Temple, despite its grandeur, was not among the final selections.
Criteria and Selection Process
The criteria for inclusion in "World Wonders" lists often involve a mix of factors such as:
- Architectural or Engineering Feat: Uniqueness in design, construction, or scale for its time.
- Historical Significance: Its role in human history and culture.
- Aesthetic Value: Its beauty and artistic merit.
- Global Recognition/Popularity: (Especially for modern lists) widespread appeal and public vote.
The absence of the Brihadeeswarar Temple from these specific lists does not diminish its immense value or architectural brilliance. Its exclusion simply reflects the subjective nature of these compilations and the specific parameters used by their respective selectors.
Significance of the Brihadeeswarar Temple
Despite not being on the "Seven Wonders" lists, the Brihadeeswarar Temple holds an unparalleled place in global heritage:
- UNESCO World Heritage Site: The temple is a proud component of the "Great Living Chola Temples," designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987. This recognition underscores its outstanding universal value, historical importance, and architectural excellence.
- Architectural Marvel: It is one of the largest and most magnificent temples in India, renowned for its massive monolithic vimana (temple tower), intricate carvings, and advanced engineering that allowed its construction over a thousand years ago.
- Cultural and Historical Icon: The temple is a living testament to the architectural prowess and artistic achievements of the Chola dynasty, a significant empire in South Indian history. It continues to be an active place of worship and a symbol of South Indian heritage.
| List Type | Compilation Period | Primary Focus | Brihadeeswarar Temple Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ancient Seven Wonders | Ancient Times | Hellenistic World Structures | Not included (geographical/historical scope) |
| New7Wonders of the World (Modern) | Early 2000s | Global Public Vote + Expert Panel | Nominated, but not a final selection |
| UNESCO World Heritage Sites | Ongoing | Universal Value, Preservation | Included (as part of Great Living Chola Temples) |
In conclusion, while the Brihadeeswarar Temple is a monumental achievement and a globally significant heritage site, its omission from specific "World Wonders" lists is due to the particular criteria and selection processes of those lists, rather than any lack of intrinsic merit. Its inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage list highlights its true global standing.
[[Cultural Heritage Recognition]]
